Urinary bladder cancer

Contents
  1. T (Primary tumor)
  2. N (locoregional lymph-nodes)
  3. Μ (metastases)
  4. Nomograms for urinary bladder cancer

 

Staging of the urinary bladder cancer

T (primary tumor)

Tx The tumor cannot be assessed
T0 There is no evidence of primary tumor
Ta Papillary carcinoma not invading tissues beyond the mucosa
Tis Carcinoma in situ (CIS)
T1 The tumor invades the dermis (basal membrane)
T1a The tumor does not invade the submucosal muscle layer
T1b The tumor minimally invades the submucosal muscle layer
T1c The tumor deeply invade the submucosal muscle layer
T2 The tumor invades the muscular layer
T2a The tumor invades the superficial muscular layer
T2b The tumor invades the deep muscular layer
T3 The tumor extends into the perivesical fat
T3a Microscopic infiltration of the perivesical fat
T3b Macroscopic infiltration of the perivesical fat
T4 The tumor invades one of the adjacent organs
T4a The tumor invades the prostate gland, the uterus or the vagina.
T4b The tumor invades the pelvic or the abdominal wall

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Ν (locoregional lymph-nodes)

Nx The locoregional lymph nodes can not be assessed
N0 There are no metastases to the locoregional lymph-nodes
N1 Metastasis in a lymph node of a maximum diameter < 2cm
N2 Metastasis in a lymph node of a maximum diameter> 2, but <5 cm, or metastases to multiple lymph-nodes, none of which has a diameter> 5cm
N3 Metastasis in a lymph node of a maximum diameter > 5

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Μ (metastases)

Mx The presence of distal metastases can not be assessed
M0 There are no distal metastases
M1 Presence of distal metastases

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Nomograms for urinary bladder cancer

Name

 

Special features

General population

What does it calculate?

Risk of urinary bladder cancer and prevention

Creator

Harvard School of Public Health

First publication

 

References

 

Institution / name

 

Link

http://www.diseaseriskindex.harvard.edu/update/hccpquiz.pl?lang=english&func=start&quiz=bladder

ISUD Evaluation

*

Name

 

Special features

For high risk patients – It is based on the NMP22 test

What does it calculate?

Probability of presence of urinary bladder cancer

Creator

Lotan, University of Montreal

First publication

Lotan Y, et al. BJU Int. 2009; 103: 1368-74

References

17

Institution / name

Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal

Link

http://www.nomogram.org/Bladder/calc_hri.php?

ISUD Evaluation

***

Name

 

Special features

It is based on the NMP22 test

What does it calculate?

Risk of disease recurrence

Creator

Shariat SF, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

First publication

Shariat SF, et al. J Urol. 2005; 173: 1518-25

References

60

Institution / name

Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal

Link

http://www.nomogram.org/Bladder/calc_nmprec.php?

ISUD Evaluation

**

Name

 

Special features

For non muscle-invasive tumors

What does it calculate?

Risk of recurrence and progression of disease 1-5 years after resection

Creator

EORTC Risk Tables for Stage Ta /T1 Bladder Cancer

First publication

Sylvester RJ, et al. Eur Urol. 2006; 49: 466-5

References

381

Institution / name

European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer

Link

http://www.eortc.be/tools/bladdercalculator/download_disclaimer.htm

ISUD Evaluation

***

Name

 

Special features

For non muscle-invasive tumors

What does it calculate?

Pre-operative assessment of the probability of presence of extravesical expansion during radical cystectomy (before radical cystectomy)

Creator

Karakiewicz PI, University of Montreal

First publication

Karakiewicz PI, et al. Eur Urol. 2006; 50: 1254-60

References

35

Institution / name

Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal

Link

http://www.nomogram.org/Bladder/calc_pt3p.php?

ISUD Evaluation

**

Name

 

Special features

For non muscle-invasive tumors

What does it calculate?

Pre-operative assessment of the probability of presence of lymph-node invasion during radical cystectomy (before radical cystectomy)

Creator

Karakiewicz PI, University of Montreal

First publication

Karakiewicz PI, et al. Eur Urol. 2006; 50: 1254-60

References

35

Institution / name

Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal

Link

http://www.nomogram.org/Bladder/calc_pnp.php?

ISUD Evaluation

**

Name

 

Special features

For non muscle-invasive tumors

What does it calculate?

Risk of disease recurrence after cystectomy for the next 2, 5, 8 years

Creator

Karakiewicz PI, University of Montreal

First publication

Karakiewicz PI, et al. J Urol. 2006; 176: 1354-61

References

55

Institution / name

Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal

Link

http://www.nomogram.org/Bladder/calc_brec.php?

ISUD Evaluation

**

Name

 

Special features

For non muscle-invasive tumors

What does it calculate?

5-year disease-free survival after radical cystectomy

Creator

International Bladder Cancer Nomogram Consortium, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

First publication

Bochner BH, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24: 3967-72

References

80

Institution / name

Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

Link

http://nomograms.mskcc.org/Bladder/PostSurgery.aspx

ISUD Evaluation

**

Name

 

Special features

For non muscle-invasive tumors

What does it calculate?

Survival from cancer after cystectomy for the next 2, 5, 8 years

Creator

Shariat SF, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

First publication

Shariat SF, et al. Clin Cancer Res. 2006; 12: 6663-76

References

52

Institution / name

Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal

Link

http://www.nomogram.org/Bladder/calc_bsm.php

ISUD Evaluation

**

Name

 

Special features

For non muscle-invasive tumors

What does it calculate?

Cancer-specific morbidity and mortality from other causes in the next five-year period after radical cystectomy.

Creator

Lughezzani G, University of Montreal

First publication

Lughezzani G, et al. Cancer. 2011; 117: 103-9

References

4

Institution / name

Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA

Link

http://labs.fccc.edu/nomograms/nomogram.php?id=48&audience=1

ISUD Evaluation

**

Name

 

Special features

For non muscle-invasive tumors

What does it calculate?

Staging

Creator

National Comprehensive Cancer Network

First publication

NCCN Guidelines, Version 2.2012

References

 

Institution / name

Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA

Link

http://labs.fccc.edu/nomograms/nomogram.php?id=54&audience=1&status=1

ISUD Evaluation

***

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